WXSVR-AU
Problems & Limitations

 
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The following is a breakdown and description of the current problems and limitations of this service.
We are hoping that over time many of these can be overcome.

1

The main problem being experienced in the development of this system is that there is no fixed format for Warnings from BoM.
Each type of warning has a different format - and within the warning type the format and syntax changes between states, and even between forecasters in the same state!

This is the primary reason for the first disclaimer - whilst every effort has been made to cover as many syntax variations as possible, it is inevitible that there will still be some instances where warnings are not transmitted, or transmitted to an incorrect area due to an unknown syntax or format.

This is the format of a warning taken from the NWS RSS feed. Everything is there that is needed for construction of the APRS messages (shown in red):

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TAUNTON MA
256 PM EDT MON OCT 6 2008
MAZ002-003-NHZ011-070300-
/O.NEW.KBOX.FZ.W.0002.081007T0600Z-081007T1200Z/
WESTERN FRANKLIN MA-EASTERN FRANKLIN MA-CHESHIRE NH-
INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...CHARLEMONT...GREENFIELD...ORANGE...
JAFFREY...KEENE
256 PM EDT MON OCT 6 2008
...FREEZE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 2 AM TO 8 AM EDT TUESDAY...
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TAUNTON HAS ISSUED A FREEZE
WARNING...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM 2 AM TO 8 AM EDT TUESDAY
FOR FRANKLIN COUNTY MASSACHUSETTS AND CHESHIRE COUNTY NEW HAMPSHIRE.
CLEAR SKIES AND DIMINISHING WINDS TONIGHT WILL ALLOW A WIDESPREAD
HARD FROST TO DEVELOP ACROSS FRANKLIN COUNTY MASSACHUSETTS AND
CHESHIRE COUNTY NEW HAMPSHIRE LATE TONIGHT. THE OUTLYING AREAS ARE
MOST LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED...AS WELL AS THE EAST SLOPES OF THE
BERKSHIRES. TEMPERATURES ARE EXPECTED TO DROP INTO THE UPPER 20S TO
LOWER 30S PRIOR TO DAYBREAK.
A FREEZE WARNING IS ISSUED WHEN FREEZING TEMPERATURES ARE
FORECAST TO THREATEN OUTDOOR PLANTS. THOSE WITH AGRICULTURAL
INTERESTS IN THE WARNING AREA ARE ADVISED TO HARVEST OR PROTECT
TENDER VEGETATION. ALSO...POTTED PLANTS NORMALLY LEFT OUTDOORS
SHOULD BE COVERED OR BROUGHT INSIDE AWAY FROM THE COLD.
$$

Compare this to what we have to work with from our local BoM. Only a handful of details can be extracted (in red). Others can be derived, but most of the message must be a 'best-guess' based on the available data.

Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology
Tasmania


Coastal Waters Wind Warning
for all Tasmanian coastal waters.
Issued at 10:50 am EDT on Tuesday 7 October 2008

Synoptic Situation
A cold front crossing the state will clear the northeast during this afternoon.

Gale Warning
For all Tasmanian coasts except the upper east coast Wineglass Bay to St Helens
Point
In the west and south, west to southwesterly winds 30 to 40 knots, reaching 45
knots at times, although winds lighter in the west. Winds then easing to 20 to
30 knots in the west and southwest tonight.
Elsewhere west to northwest winds 25 to 35 knots ahead of a west to southwest
change at similar speeds, reaching 40 knots east of Flinders Island.
Seas rising to 3 to 5 metres in open waters.
Swells:
West and south: West to southwest 3 to 4 metres building to 5 to 6 metres.
Lower inshore in the southeast.
North: Westerly building to 2 metres.
East- Southerly building to 3 metres in the south. Confused swell in the
northeast.

Strong Wind Warning
For the Upper East Coast St Helens Point to Wineglass Bay
Northwest winds at 10 to 20 knots tending west to southwest around the middle of
the day before increasing to 20 to 30 knots. Seas rising to 2 to 3 metres.
Confused swell to 1.5 metres tending southerly.

The next warning will be issued by 5:00 pm EST

Please be aware
Wind gusts can be a further 40 percent stronger than the averages given here,
and maximum waves may be up to twice the height.

Ideally BoM would need to provide a formatted list of affected areas (In fixed format abbreviations or area numbering) and an expiry time, and not combine warning types (Gale and Strong Wind in this example) As it stands today all regions mentioned in the warning will get the highest severity warning, even if it is not valid for that area.

BoM use Local Government Area boundaries for Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in the major capital cities. The LGA shapefiles used by this project (freely available from the Australian Bureau of Statitics) reference each LGA by a numeric 5 digit code. Even the standard Forecast areas could be referenced by a numeric code, as done by the NWS. If BoM were to include a simple list of affected LGA/Forecast area numbers in the warning headers, this issue would largely be resolved.


2

In order to maintain compatibility with the existing NWS client applications, the naming convention of the Shapefile Maps used by this project are the same as the NWS issued maps. This means that you can use EITHER the Australian version OR the NWS version - not both.

Also in order to maintain compatibility with the existing NWS client applications, The STATE prefixes used in the APRS messages are truncated to 2 characters to match the US standards. The side effect of this is that the state as shown in the client windows is a 2 character code instead of the expected 3 characters.

To overcome these, custom clients could be developed for the various APRS applications - however this is outside the scope of the project at this stage.


3 BoM seem to have a love for the term "Warning". This results in almost every message being a WARN type, which shows up as RED and triggers alarms on the client. A workaround has been implemented to override most warning types as ADVISORY (Yellow) or WATCH (Orange) and only allow certain conditions or warning types to reach WARNING status.

4

Warning areas are huge. Again it comes down to the clarity of the warnings - a warning issued for "Southern parts of the Lower Western" covers a huge area, with no definition of where "Southern parts" actually are. At this stage we can only highlight the entire area, which may result in 'invalid' warning status for some areas.

Relates to item 1 - if BoM were to break warning areas into LGA's and include effected LGA numbers in the warning a more accurate warning area display could be triggered.


5

There is no "Finger" capability built into WXSVR-AU at this stage. Attempting to use the FINGER functions on existing NWS clients will result in an error being returned from WXSVR (USA version).

Finger support is planned for the future, but to use it we'll need to have localised NWS clients, or a configurable option to select the server to use.


6 There are some issues still outstanding regarding the cancellation of objects and areas. Again this relates to item 1, where BoM do not clearly state in thier text the cancellation, or combine a cancellation with a revised warning for other areas. We are working on trying to improve this functionality.

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